Gas-engine.



c. AHS'AWTELLE,

GAS-ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.5. 1914.

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Patented Oct.

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GAS EIIGIIIE. APPLICATION FILED IAN. 5, 1914.

Patented Oct. '16, 19.17.

`3 SHEETS-SHEET 2,.

e Noun C. A. SAWTELLE."

GAS ENGINE. APPLICATION `FILED JAN. 5. 11114.

Patented 0st. 16, 1917 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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lerares ra; l @narnia @EARLIES il.. SWTELL'E, DAYTON, OHIO, .ASL-'SIGNORTO VINCENT Gt. APPLE, OF

' DAYTON, OHIO.

ens-Encina.

ySpecification of Letters Patent.

raten-tea oet.. ie, ieri.

Appli-cation led January 5, 1914. y Serial No. 810,297.

'lhis invention relates to improvements in gas engines and has moreparticular relation to improvements in gas engines designed for burningof low grade fuels.y

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a moreelficient, reliable and more easily started gas engine adapted for usewith a low grade fuel such as kerosene. v

A further object is to provide an nntain and reliable ignition in a gasengine. A further Objectis to provide improved means for feedingcompressed air together with the fuel into the engine. 1

With these and incidental objects in view the invention consists ofcertain novel constructions, combinations .and arrangements of parts allof Which Will loe hereinafter more particularly set forth and claimed.

TWhile the invention is `susceptible of numerous modifications in theconstruction and arrangement of parts,- the preferred embodiment of theinvention Iis illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings forming part of'this specification and in which:

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section through the devicesembodying the invention on the line C-C 'of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal horizon tal section through the enginehalf on the line A-A and half on the line B-B of Fig. 3 represents avertical transverse section through theengine on the line D4D 0f Fig. 1;

Iiig. 4: represents a similar section on the line E-E of Fig. 1.

Ifig. 5 represents a section similar to Fig.

2 but taken higher on the line X-X of Fig. 1, and I'g. 6 represents adetail vertical section partly broken away on the line Y-Y rof j Fig. 5.

F or the salte of illustration I have shown in the accompanyingdrawings, a two cylin der, two cycle type of engine With jump sparkignition but it will of course loe under stood that anumber of thefeatures kof my invention are not limited tothe two-cycle type of'engine but can with equal facility be applied to any other type of gasengine, such for instance as the four cycle'type.

In the aforesaid drawings 1 represents the lower half of the crank caseof the engine;

2 the upper half of the crank case which is V formed integral or cast enbloc with the cylinder sets. rEach of these latter comprises an aircylinder 3, a gas explosion cylinderd, and auxiliary charging cylinders5 and 6; the former communicating with a gasolene'supply through pipe 7and po'rt 8. A needle valve 9 is mounted in a short pipe l0 whichcommunicates with port 8 at one end-and is partly open to the air at theop? posite end.

p In each cylinder 5 is mounted a piston 12 `provided with piston rings13 and a pendant sleeve 14 Which snugly fits the Walls lof the cylinderand closes the ports 8 which openinto pipe l() at all times except whenaiston is in its lOWerInost position as shown 1n 1, when the ports 8arev uncovered.

Each piston 12 is connected by a rod`15 to Vits respective piston 16having rings 17 and mounted in its air cylinderv. lEach rod 15 isreduced near its opposite ends so that it may have a certain Yamount ofsprin T to accommodate any slight misalinement ldetvveen thepistons 12and 16.

The air piston 16 in each instance is formed with a reduced extension 18which forms the main piston and which is provided with piston rings 19and operates in the main explosion cylinder el. Each piston 16 isconnected to the crank shaft 2O byea pitman rod 21 in the usual manner.

Air ports 22 are formed in the Walls of the cylinders 3 and areuncovered When the pistons 16 are intheir lovver positions as shown inthe left hand Cylinder of Fig. 1.

`When the left piston 16'mo'ves upward the pure air above it iscompressed or forced into passage Way or air space 23 shown in Figs. 2and and which is formed inthe casting of the cylinders. from aninspection of these iigures that the passage' 23 leads longitudinallyfrom the air compression .space of one cylinder 16 and dischargesthrough ports 2l above the piston 18 of the opposed set when this latterpiston is in its lower position.

It Will be seen Each piston 18 carries' the usual, bae plate 25 so thatwhen the air is admitted through ports 24 it is directed upward randwhirling about the cylinder 4 scavengers `thiscylin'der and blows outthe burnt gas andat the same time charges it with fresh .a1r. The righthand air piston 16 forces air through passages 26 and ports 27 toscavenger the left hand cylinder 4 as shown in Figs. .2, 3 and 4.

The spent gases -in each cylinder'pass out i through exhaust ports 28and passages 29 on opposite sides of they engine.

vFlach of the cylindersv 6 has a pistonv 30 similar to the pistons 12and each piston is connected to its respective air piston` 16 in Athesame manner as the pistons 12. These over and connects with the opposedcylinder 6 by aport 53 as shown in Fig.y6, part of the air compressed bythe piston 16 of one set .passing through an elongated slot 54 formed inits respective piston 30, through port 50,

passage 51, passage 5 2 and port 53 into'ithecylinder 6v of the otherset.

It will be seen that the port 53 is below the port 31 so that asthepiston 30 moves downward it first uncovers the port 31 and draws acharge of low grade fuel into the cylinder; then uncovers port 53 whichadmits the compressed air and thoroughly breaks up the charge of fuel.The cylinder 6 is thus entirely filled and the gas is under slight,compression before the piston 30 starts upward. This results, when thepiston moves up. in the gases from the cylinders 6 having a slight leadon the gases from the cylinders 5 and tends to first lill the cylinders4 with the low vgrade fuel and leave the high grade fuel in the passage35 about the sparking points which are located well back in the passageas shown and away from the low grade gases The head 34 of each cylinder4 is formedwith va passage 35 connecting its respective cylinders 4 and5; a ballvalve 36 restingl on a valve seat closes one end of passage 35.

A passage way 37 of much smaller diameter than 35 connects each passage35 and its cylinder 6; a ball check valve, 38 closing oneiend of thispassage.

The area of each passage 35 is suliiciently large and is such-inrelation to the area of its cylinder 5 that'the high grade fuel fed fromthe said cylinder tends to remain in the passage rather than be forcedinto the cylinder 4 as the gases from contracted passage 37 do.

Spark plugs 39 are arrangedin the pasgrade fuel in the cylinder 6 andthis charge lifting the valve 38 passes through the small passage intothe discharge end of the passage 35 vand from there into the cylinder 4.The ball valves 36 and 38, it will be understood, prevent the air orgases from the cylinders 4 from passing into the cylinders 5 and 6.'

By referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the pistons 12' and 30 .arelocated higher than the .piston 18 and that the throw of the'crank shaftis such that very little compression space is left above these pistonsl2 .f

and 30 while the space above the piston 18 `is considerably greater. up'together the gas is thus forced from the cylinders 5 and 6into thecylinder 4 as the pressure becomes greater in thel two former cylinders.i l

From the foregoing description it will be seen that theexplosion orpower cylinders 4 have both av low and high grade fuel fed to them whichresults in anexplosive mixture but one which migltfnot readily ignitefrom the spark alone but which'will ignite from the large and hot flameof therich exploding gas in the `passage 35.

An engine constructed as above is capable of running on a very low gradeof fuel and of being readily started thus overcoming' many, of theobjections ofthe present types of low-grade-fuel engines. y

After the engine is started and warmed up the feed of the high gradefuel through the cylinder 5 may be cut'dcwn or in some cases cutentirely off but'the preferable operation is to run with both cylinders5 land 6 A feeding fuel. The compressed air fed to the cylinders 6 canbe controlled by any suitable form of cock orvalve (not shown) to securea richer or weaker mixture in cylinders .6 as desired. lThe introductionof compressedjair inthe cylinders 6 after the introduction of the fuelresults in a complete breaking'up of the particles of low grade fuel andas a matter of l fact starts an immediate feed of the low grade fuelinto the cylinders 4. rIhe opening of the ports 24 and 27 however isslightly of the independent cylinders whereby they receive gas chargesontheir suction strokes v grade gas.

in advance'of the openingpof the ports 53 to secure a thoroughscavenging of ,the cylinders 4 before any gas enters from Vthe cylinders16. y v 4 t 'The high grade fuel is ignited without beiaig appreclablyweakened by admixture' with the low grade fuel. This is possibleasi thespark plugs 39 are located well. up in the passages 35 and as the gasesare passing through these passages toward the cylinders and assisting inforcing the gases entering through the passages 37 downward into thecylinders. Further the -passa/ge 37 are inclined slightly downward soasv o discharge tinto the very ends of the passages 35 and and feed highand low grade gas to ,the main cylinder and igniting devices forigniting a portion of the high grade 'gas before it reaches the cylinderand mixes with the low 2. In a` ,gasengine' `the combination with amaincylinderlwand piston, of auxiliary cyl-.I inders and pistons, thelatterdirectly connected for movement with the main piston, andconnections for causing said auxiliary cylinders and ,pistons to feedhigh and low i grade fuels respectively tothe main cylinder. f

3. In a gas engine the combination with a main?c cylinder and piston, ofa low grade fuel feeding device connected to the cylinder by a passageof restricted area and a high grade fuel feeding means connected to thecylinder by a passage of relatively larger area and sparking devices inthe large area passage. c

4. In a gas engine the-combination with a. main cylinder and piston, ofan auxiliary low grade fuel cylinder and piston connected to the maincylinder by` a passage way, a

high grade fuel feeding cylinder and piston connected to the maincylinder by a passage relatively larger than the passage first mentionedand ignition devices in the larger passage for firing the high gradefuel before it mixes with the low grade fuel.

5. Ina gas engine the combination with a main cylinder and piston, ofauxiliary cylinders and pistons for high and low grade.

`'fuels respectively connected to and moving with the main piston andconnections between the auxiliary cylinders and main cylinder of suchrestricted area as to cause the contents of the auxiliary Acylinders tofeed into and be compressed in the eater com-j pression area in the mainvcylin er. y v

In testimony whereof I 'affix my signature y in the presence offtwoWitnesses.

SAW'IELLBLv CHARLES A. Witnesses:

VINCENT G. Ar

CLARAAmnN.

